TESOL Teacher Education in a Transnational World critically examines theories and practices in contemporary TESOL teacher education to shed new light on the intersection of transnationalism and language teacher education. It emphasizes the scholarship of transnational mobility of language teachers, and showcases critical research from diverse contexts. The book fills a critical research gap by more fully examining the theory and practice of teacher education in a changing time when national identities and cross-border mobilities continue to figure prominently in scholarly discussions. Through a diverse set of epistemological, historical and theoretical perspectives along with methodological innovations, contributors of this volume not only index the dynamism of the scholarship of teacher education, but they also offer new forums for lively pedagogical debates. Featuring contributions from diverse educational and geographical contexts, including Europe, Asia, North America, and Latin America, the book moves the existing scholarship forward to more fully examine TESOL teacher education in relation to transnationalism. This book will be of great interest to academics, scholars, post-graduate students, teacher educators, policymakers, curriculum specialists, administrators, and other stakeholders interested in language teacher education, TESOL and applied linguistics

TESOL Teacher Education in a Transnational World critically examines theories and practices in contemporary TESOL teacher education to shed new light on the intersection of transnationalism and language teacher education. It emphasizes the scholarship of transnational mobility of language teachers, and showcases critical research from diverse contexts. The book fills a critical research gap by more fully examining the theory and practice of teacher education in a changing time when national identities and cross-border mobilities continue to figure prominently in scholarly discussions. Through a diverse set of epistemological, historical and theoretical perspectives along with methodological innovations, contributors of this volume not only index the dynamism of the scholarship of teacher education, but they also offer new forums for lively pedagogical debates. Featuring contributions from diverse educational and geographical contexts, including Europe, Asia, North America, and Latin America, the book moves the existing scholarship forward to more fully examine TESOL teacher education in relation to transnationalism. This book will be of great interest to academics, scholars, post-graduate students, teacher educators, policymakers, curriculum specialists, administrators, and other stakeholders interested in language teacher education, TESOL and applied linguistics

Imagine the paradise of ancient Egypt: a lush green valley with a gentle river, full of animals and birds of all sizes. The first settlers, arriving by way of the desert, would have marveled at this beautiful landscape. This awe held on through the first three millennia of settlement in Egypt. Centered on careful observations of the natural rhythms of their environment, particularly the Nile, this enlightened civilization lived in a state of spiritual balance and harmony they called "living in Maat." This state was further enhanced by the sacred landscape of Egypt and the colossal monuments and pyramids the Egyptians built to reflect the heavens, thus creating a cosmic "spiritual engine" for the ancient world. But sadly, the paradise and Maat of ancient Egypt were not to last, and for the past two thousand years Egypt has experienced many occupations by hostile forces bent on taking control of this magical land. Exploring the exemplary social and cultural model that produced the golden civilization of ancient Egypt as well as the many waves of conquest and destruction up to the present day, Robert Bauval and Ahmed Osman examine each phase of Egyptian history from its origins and the Pharaonic period, through the Roman conquest and its Christianization, to the Pan-Arabization of Nasser and the ongoing Islamization that began with the Muslim caliphate in the 7th century. They show how the current Islamic rulers are actively working to eradicate all traces of Egypt's spiritual roots, the source of the Western Mystery tradition. They provide a revised portrait of the life of Muhammad, revealing his connections to the Essene tradition, and explain how most Sharia Law is not based on the Koran. Revealing how even the dams built on the Nile are impeding Egypt's sacred role, the authors sound the call for a return to the original tenets of Egyptian civilization, one that sustained itself in harmony and peaceful creativity for more than three millennia.

Called the "Mirror of Heaven" by Hermes-Thoth and regarded as the birthplace of civilization, science, religion, and magic, Egypt has ignited the imagination of all who come in contact with it since ancient times--from Pythagoras and Plato to Alexander the Great and Napoleon to modern Egyptologists the world over. Yet, despite this preeminence in the collective mind, Egypt has suffered considerable destruction over the centuries. Even before the burning of the Great Library at Alexandria, the land of the pharaohs was pillaged by its own people. With the arrival of foreign rulers, both Arabic and European, the destruction and thievery continued along with suppression of ancient knowledge as some rulers sought to cleanse Egypt of its "pagan" past. Exploring the many cycles of destruction and suppression in Egypt as well as moments of salvation, such as the first registered excavations by Auguste Mariette, Robert Bauval and Ahmed Osman investigate the many conquerors of Egypt through the millennia as well as what has happened to famous artifacts such as the Rosetta Stone. They show how Napoleon, through his invasion, wanted to revive ancient Egyptian wisdom and art because of its many connections to Freemasonry. They reveal how the degradation of monuments, theft of relics, and censorship of ancient teachings continue to this day. Exposing recent cover-ups during the tenure of Antiquities Minister Zahi Hawass, they explain how new discoveries at Giza were closed to further research. Clearing cultural and historical distortions, the authors reveal the long-hidden and persecuted voice of ancient Egypt and call for the return of Egypt to its rightful place as "the Mother of Nations" and "the Mirror of Heaven."

This edited book brings together chapters from diverse geographical and educational contexts to examine the question of transnationalism in English Language teacher education. While the activities that connect people, institutions and cultural practices across the borders of nation-states have gained interest in fields such as applied linguistics, TESOL and migration studies in recent years, there has been little research so far into how transnationalism intersects with language teacher education, and how existing practices can be better integrated into teacher education programmes. The authors fill this gap by introducing and examining existing transnational practices - including cross-cultural settings, study abroad programmes and online teacher education - then offering multiple dialogues on mobility of knowledge, practice and pedagogy in teacher education. This book will be of interest to language teachers, teacher educators, and students and scholars of applied linguistics, cross-cultural studies, and migration studies.

This edited book brings together chapters from diverse geographical and educational contexts to examine the question of transnationalism in English Language teacher education. While the activities that connect people, institutions and cultural practices across the borders of nation-states have gained interest in fields such as applied linguistics, TESOL and migration studies in recent years, there has been little research so far into how transnationalism intersects with language teacher education, and how existing practices can be better integrated into teacher education programmes. The authors fill this gap by introducing and examining existing transnational practices - including cross-cultural settings, study abroad programmes and online teacher education - then offering multiple dialogues on mobility of knowledge, practice and pedagogy in teacher education. This book will be of interest to language teachers, teacher educators, and students and scholars of applied linguistics, cross-cultural studies, and migration studies.

A provocative thesis that the historical Jesus was connected to the royal 18th dynasty of Egypt
- Contends that Jesus, Joshua, and Tutankhamun were the same person
- Provides evidence from church documentation, the Koran, the Talmud, and archaeology that the Messiah came more than a millennium before the first century C.E.
- Shows that Christianity evolved from Essene teachings
Although it is commonly believed that Jesus lived during the first century C.E., there is no concrete evidence to support this fact from the Roman and Jewish historians who would have been his contemporaries. The Gospel writers themselves were of a later generation, and many accounts recorded in the Old Testament and Talmudic commentary refer to the coming of the Messiah as an event that had already occurred.
Using the evidence available from archaeology, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Koran, the Talmud, and biblical sources, Ahmed Osman provides a compelling case that both Jesus and Joshua were one and the same--a belief echoed by the early Church Fathers--and that this person was likewise the pharaoh Tutankhamun, who ruled Egypt between 1361 and 1352 B.C.E. and was regarded as the spiritual son of God. Osman contends that the Essene Christians--who followed Jesus' teachings in secret after his murder--only came into the open following the execution of their prophet John the Baptist by Herod, many centuries later. Yet it was also the Essenes who, following the death of Tutankhamun and his father Akhenaten (Moses), secretly kept the monotheistic religion of Egypt alive. The Essenes believed themselves to be the people of the New Covenant established between their Lord and themselves by the Teacher of Righteousness, who was murdered by a wicked priest. The Dead Sea Scrolls support Osman's contention that this Teacher of Righteousness was in fact Jesus.

EGYPT / ANCIENT CIVILIZATION In Christianity: An Ancient Egyptian Religion author Ahmed Osman contends that the roots of Christian belief spring not from Judaea but from Egypt. He compares the chronology of the Old Testament and its factual content with ancient Egyptian records to show that the major characters of the Hebrew scriptures--including Solomon, David, Moses, and Joshua--are based on Egyptian historical figures. He further suggests that not only were these personalities and the stories associated with them cultivated on the banks of the Nile, but the major tenets of Christian belief--the One God, the Trinity, the hierarchy of heaven, life after death, and the virgin birth--are all Egyptian in origin. He likewise provides a convincing argument that Jesus himself came out of Egypt. With the help of modern archaeological findings, Osman shows that Christianity survived as an Egyptian mystery cult until the fourth century A.D., when the Romans embarked on a mission of suppression and persecution. In A.D. 391 the Roman-appointed Bishop Theophilus led a mob into the Serapeum quarter of Alexandria and burned the Alexandrian library, destroying all records of the true Egyptian roots of Christianity. The Romans' version of Christianity, manufactured to maintain political power, claimed that Christianity originated in Judaea. In Christianity: An Ancient Egyptian Religion Osman restores Egypt to its rightful place in the history of Christianity. AHMED OSMAN was born in Cairo in 1934 and is the author of The Hebrew Pharaohs of Egypt, Moses and Akhenaten, and Jesus in the House of the Pharaohs. He lives in England.

An investigation into the real historical figure of King David and the real location of the Temple of Solomon During the last two centuries, thousands of ancient documents from different sites in the Middle East have been uncovered. However, no archaeological discovery speaks of King David or Solomon, his son and successor, directly or in directly. Was King David a real person or a legend like King Arthur? Proposing that David was a genuine historical figure, Ahmed Osman explores how his identity may be radically different than what is described in religious texts. Drawing on recent archaeological, historical, and biblical evidence from Egypt, Osman shows that David lived in Thebes, Egypt, rather than Jerusalem; that he lived five centuries earlier than previously thought, during the 15th rather than the 10th century B.C.; and that David was not a descendant of Isaac but was, in fact, Isaac's father. The author also reveals David's true Egyptian identity: Pharaoh Tuthmosis III of the 18th Dynasty. Confirming evidence from rabbinic literature that indicates Isaac was not Abraham's son, despite the version provided in Genesis, Osman demonstrates how biblical narrators replaced David with Abraham the Hebrew to hide the Egyptian identity of Isaac's father. He shows how Egyptian historical and archaeological sources depict figures that match David's and Solomon's known characteristics in many ways, including accounts of a great empire between the Euphrates and the Nile that corresponds with David's empire as described in the Bible. Unveiling the real history behind the biblical story of King David, Osman reveals that the great ancestor of the Israelites was, in fact, Egyptian.

The discipline of environmental design is a branch of the physical fields of design. Architectural design is a discipline of environmental design. Architectural design styles are of four categories; styles influenced by other styles, styles transmitted to other places, physical revived styles, and spiritual revived styles. Each one comprises of different styles. The research looks at the impact of the introduction of intensive architectural design educational programs, fair architectural design competitions, economical considerations, and finally the impact political wills have on diversified creative and innovative architectural design styles. As the research adopted the four categories mentioned earlier each one is exemplified by one building considered as the case study. These four criterions; the advanced technology of the time, which leads to costly money expenditure, the unique design concepts and philosophies, the compatibility with the site, and the solvency symbolism especially when has effects on people's socio-cultural lives were studied and analyzed in this order in each case study.

Spider mites belonging to the family Tetranychidae are major agricultural pests that often cause sever damage to a wide range of vegetables, and ornamental plants in greenhouses and outdoors and several other agricultural crops.The two spotted spider mite is considered to be the most dangerous species of this family.It is difficult to manage this group of mite pests by chemical compounds because a kind of resistance can be developed within a few years. Therefore, it was necessary to develop some other control tactics such the use of biological control agents.Predatory mites especially the mesostigmatid mites are considered to be among the most promising bioagent of spider mites.Also, species belonging to the prostigmated mites of the family Stigmaeidae, especially Agistemus exsertus Gonzalez, are well known as efficient predators of spider mites.Apart from the predatory mites, some insects are also known to have the ability to be natural enemies of spider mites.The predaceous insects such as Stethorus species are acariphagous where they feed successfully on spider mites.

In both Islamic and non-Islamic countries many population groups worldwide, such as vegetarians and people of the Jewish faith, consumers do not eat pork. Amongst these groups consumers are concerned about importing processed food which may contain or has been contaminated with pork or swine-derived products. This is especially true of halal foods in Muslim communities where the foods may be prepared or processed utilizing one of more non-halal ingredients. Halal and kosher foodstuff play an incredibly important role in the Muslim and Jewish diet, economy and health. This makes halal and kosher food product quality, safety and shelf life preservation a major topic in these communities and for the manufacturers of halal and kosher food products.  Halal and Kosher Food: Integration of Quality and Safety for Global Market Trends covers a wide range of important topics in halal foods including quality, standards, safety of food additives, antimicrobial and veterinary drug residues, aflatoxin in feedstuff, application of Hazards Analysis and critical Control Points (HACCP). Important data regarding halal and kosher food similarities and differences are covered in full. Best practices in halal food product manufacturing are covered, plus the importance of halal food safety for consumer health.  Written by elite international halal food experts, this work differs from other books on the subject which focus on history, legislation and certification. Readers can utilize this book as an orientation and practical guidebook to recognize the quality and safety of halal food products. 

This book describes an accurate analysis technique for energy systems based on formal methods-computer-based mathematical logic techniques for the specification, validation, and verification of the systems. Correctness and accuracy of the financial, operational, and implementation analysis are of the paramount importance for the materialization of the future energy systems, such as smart grids, to achieve the objectives of cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and quality-of-service. In this regard, the book develops formal theories of microeconomics, asymptotic, and stability to support the formal analysis of generation and distribution cost, smart operations, and processing of energy in a smart grid. These formal theories are also employed to formally verify the cost and utility modeling for: Energy generation and distribution; Asymptotic bounds for online scheduling algorithms for plug-in electric vehicles; and Stability of the power converters for wind turbines. The proposed approach results in mechanized proofs for the specification, validation, and verification of corresponding smart grid problems. The formal mathematical theories developed can be applied to the formal analysis of several other hardware and software systems as well, making this book of interest to researchers and practicing engineers in a variety of power electronic fields.